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The following homework assignment is supposed to be easy, but there seems to be information missing from the questions asked (or at the very least knowledge from OP).

  • At which width circle does the sun shine perpendicularly?
  • How long is a day south of the south polar circle?
  • Which season is starting in the southern hemisphere?

The following picture was included.

enter image description here

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  • English translations for the labels in the graphic would be helpful. – BillDOe Mar 15 at 19:50
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    @LievenKeersmaekers I posted an answer, but you should explain why were you struggling to answer that question. – Camilo Rada Mar 15 at 20:10
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    @LievenKeersmaekers when the Earth has gone around the sun so that the sun "comes from the left" in the image... then it will be Northern Hemisphere Winter Solstice (Southern Hemisphere Summer Solstice) [about December 21st]. The Earth will rotate on its own axis each day, but the sun will be coming from the right still. It's only when the Earth has traveled 180 degree around the sun that it would come from the opposite side. – JeopardyTempest Mar 16 at 9:27
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    I cleaned up your English a little -- please feel free to revert the edit if you feel I made any incorrect changes. By the way, the label "zon in het zenit" is a strong hint about the answer to the first question :-). – Pont Mar 16 at 13:52
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    @LievenKeersmaekers In that case, as JeopardyTempest say it would be northernn hemisphere summer winter. And the answers would be 1) Tropic of Capricorn (10 1/2 uur labeled circle) 2) 24h of sunlight 3) Summer – Camilo Rada Mar 16 at 16:57
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The figure depicts the Northern hemisphere summer solstice, given that, there is no information missing:

  • At which width circle does the sun shines perpendicularly?

The one labeled "13 1/2 uur" that corresponds to the Tropic of Cancer

  • How long is a day south of the southpole circle?

If we understand "day" as the length of daytime, the answer is zero: The sun never rises that day south of the southern polar circle.

  • Which season starts at the southern hemisphere?

Winter

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    what tripped me up was that I didn't view the questions in light of that specific constellation (time of year?) of the earth. – Lieven Keersmaekers Mar 16 at 5:48
  • @LievenKeersmaekers Be aware that I corrected it. I was switching the names of the tropics. – Camilo Rada Mar 16 at 12:59

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