I think that if you touch an aurora it will give you radiation damage? But then the solar winds at -90C would freeze you, so speaking metaphorically what would happen?
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$\begingroup$ please expand your question and tell what you have found out about auroras uptil now.you will not know if you touch an aurora as absolutly nothing will happen. $\endgroup$– trond hansenJul 19, 2018 at 4:53
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$\begingroup$ the question was better before you edited it,the temparature of the solar wind is not relevant you can not feel it the density is too low. $\endgroup$– trond hansenJul 21, 2018 at 13:30
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2$\begingroup$ To the people voting that this is off-topic: It's a question with some huge misunderstandings that need to be unpicked. My own answer is wholly inadequate for that purpose, and I hope somebody else does a better job. But in my mind an honest question about aurorae is about as on-topic as on can get for earth science! $\endgroup$– Semidiurnal SimonJul 23, 2018 at 9:12
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2 Answers
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Auroras typically happen pretty high. About a century ago, Norwegian scientist triangulated more than 12,000 auroras, and this is the distribution they found:
Figure 1 from Störmer, 1946.
So the fist problem will be to "touch" anything at an elevation of 100 km, where the atmospheric pressure is 0.00006% of the sea level pressure and 0.0002% of the pressure at the top of Mount Everest (pressures estimated using CalcTool).
So let's imagine you use very thin space suit that stop your body from blowing up, and keep you alive.
Even in that case, the air is so thin that its heat capacity and conductivity would be extremely low. Therefore, no matter if the air is at -100°C or +300°C, you wouldn't feel it, and the temperature of your fingers would be dominated by the heat loss through radiation (i.e. your hot fingers would radiate infrared radiation and become very cold pretty soon).
Visually they are diffuse objects, so it will be as disappointing as "touching" a cloud. Where you never really feel you ever get to the "edge" of the cloud and touch it. You just feel that you become shrouded in an increasingly thick fog. That's is at least my experience climbing mountains that from below look like they have their top covered in thick clouds. On airplanes the experience is quite similar. So I think you will just not realize you are at the edge of an aurora and you will just see a subtle glow in the air.
Another important effect would be the radiation. You would get a big dose. I mention a bit of this in my answer to this question, however the formula there is not valid at 100 km. Because radiation increase exponentially the first 10-15 km as you go up, and then flattens (Stozhkov et al, 2001). Under normal conditions, at 100 km you would be receiving approximately 500 times more radiation than in the surface (ref1,ref2), which is pretty much the same dose of outer space. That is not a big deal if you don't stay there very long. But auroras don't happen under normal conditions. However, radiation at surface levels during auroras go up but not by a large amount, so I don't think radiation will kill you.
So, if you get up there with a space suit that keep you alive, I think your quest to touch the aurora will be rather disappointing. However, the view from up there would be amazing.
You might want to see this video of a weather balloon sent up under an aurora. With cameras and radiation sensors. It is pretty cool, but it only got about a fifth of the way towards the aurora. And you can't get much higher with balloons, the world record (unmanned) is 53 km, which is just half way there. These are a couple screenshot from that video:
answered Aug 19, 2018 at 18:37
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2$\begingroup$ The "diffuse" part is important. Trying to "touch an aurora" would be a bit like trying to "touch the blue sky" -- you only see it because you're looking through a huge thickness. An "arm's length" of aurora would be far too dim to see. $\endgroup$– jeffBAug 20, 2018 at 13:02
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Assuming that you have found a safe way to be at the right altitude to try to touch an aurora... I'm pretty sure that nothing much would happen. I doubt that you could actually see it from so close, and you wouldn't feel anything if you "touched" it.
By dint of how high you were, and that there was a strong solar wind, you would be receiving a higher dose of ionising radiation than you would on earth. If you didn't have appropriate shielding you wouldn't want to be there for long.
answered Jul 20, 2018 at 10:33
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2$\begingroup$ well not sure the aurora OP is referring to but I can assure you I had a great time at en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aurora,_Colorado :) $\endgroup$– user1066Jul 20, 2018 at 11:10