Associated with the NW Eifuku volcano, a small submarine volcano in Japan's Volcano Island chain in the Pacific Ocean is a carbon dioxide rich hydrothermal vents called white smokers by NOAA (see image below):
Image source: NOAA Ocean Explorer
In research reported in the Science Daily article Scientists Discover Liquid Carbon Dioxide 'Champagne' Bubbles At Hydrothermal Vent (NOAA, 2005), it has been determined by measurements of the hydrothermal fluids that there appeared to be from 2 vent fluids:
a hot (>100 C >212 F) fluid that has been found to contain about 60 L of gaseous carbon dioxide per kilogram.
alongside the hot vent, the researchers found that there were cold droplets of about 90% liquid carbon dioxide.
These droplet give the vent its name, as it is 'effervescent' like champagne.
What is the geochemical origin of the carbon dioxide associated with the 'white smokers' of the Champagne Vent?