It is known that when a large earthquake occurs, say $M \ge 9.0$, The surface waves travel around Earth over and over, "ringing the surface like a bell". The GIF below is an example (Image Source):
Do these normal modes cause permanent deformation AWAY from the earthquake source or does Earth affected simply slide back in place after the wave passes through it? If there is no permeant deformation, why does the surface near (but off source) crack and fault?