Questions tagged [co2]
The co2 tag has no usage guidance.
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Can phytoplankton growth be stimulated in oceans to sequester CO2?
Casual learner only.
Decades ago, I read, one ocean scientist stated, jokingly, probably, "Give me half a shipload of iron filings and I will give you another ice age." This was in response ...
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Interpretation of Phanerozoic CO2 levels graph
I used to talk with a family friend who often sent me links to Nobel Prize winners, claiming that climate change is a myth.
Last week, we had a disagreement over a link referencing a Nobel Prize ...
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Do the large forests remove CO2 from the atmosphere?
Thomas L. Friedman, the New York Times columnist, wrote yesterday:
These intact forests — from those in the Amazon and Congo River basins to ones in Canada, Russia and Ecuador — are the world’s life-...
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How to convert hourly measured GPP from µmol m-2 s-1 to daily data with unit of gC/m2/day?
I have hourly-observed gross primary production data with the unit as µmol m-2 s-1, how can I convert it to daily data with unit of gC/m2/day?
The data is like this:
...
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How to calculate the emission factor for Spent Wash Briquette used as fuel in the sugarcane industry based on its calorific value?
In the sugarcane industry, we use Spent Wash (generated as waste in the distillation process) as fuel for stationary combustion. If we know that calorific value e.g 1650 kCal/kg for Spent Wash ...
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Why did the air not heat up in this experiment demonstrating the atmospheric greenhouse effect?
In the paper "Experimental Verification of the Greenhouse Effect" (full version: "Verification of the Greenhouse Effect in the Laboratory", Hermann Harde, Michael Schnell 2022), ...
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Can $\ce{CaCO3}$ shells contribute to $\ce{CO2}$ emissions in volcanoes within subduction zones?
CaCO3 dissolves below the Carbonate Compensation Depth (CCD).
However, this paper suggests that some CaCO3 can exist below the CCD.
My question arises from a discussion in this answer.
The question is ...
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Why is dependence of radiation forcing on CO2 concentration logarithmic?
As a newbie on climate science and meteorology I'm trying to understand the almost logarithmic behavior of CO2 concentration on radiation forcing
$$F(c) = A \cdot \ln \frac{c}{c_0}$$
and why there is ...
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How could oxygen levels have ever been higher if there is so little carbon dioxide present?
Assumptions: Essentially all oxygen that's ever been present in the atmosphere originated from oxygenic photosynthesis. The production of an oxygen molecule during photosynthesis leads to the ...
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Carbon dioxide on Mars, Venus and Earth
Earth's atmosphere is 0.038% carbon dioxide. Mars's atmosphere is 95.3% carbon dioxide. Venus's atmosphere is 96.5% carbon dioxide.
If Earth's climate is controlled by CO2, then why is Mars so cold ...
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How can carbon flows be modeled mathematically?
In this video Earth's carbon cycle is investigated with a bit of maths.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aIOrF0-R33o
It is in German, but the idea behind I can describe easily:
There are reservoirs of ...
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How hot the earth will be if we have 20% CO2 in the atmosphere instead of ~0.04? and how cold would it be if doesn't have any CO2?
I know Earth once had this amount in the past, but if we got the former atmosphere with around 20% of CO2, how much the temperature will rise? assuming the atmosphere is still dominated by 78% ...
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Forest Land Remaining Forest Land, Emissions Algorithm
I'm trying to understand how CO2 emissions are calculated in the Land Use category "Forest Land Remaining Forest Land". There are several subcategories, the one with the biggest impact seems ...
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What is the current atmospheric concentration of $\small\sf{CO_2}$ in the atmosphere in atm (or bar)?
For some reason, I can only find the answer in ppm and I don’t know how to do this conversion.
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How was it possible that CO2 levels were higher nearly 650,000 years ago?
Recently I've been working on a debate for climate change and I'm working on a rebuttal statement but then I came across many different sites that claimed that there were higher CO2 levels before ...
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Why do greenhouse gases affect ocean temperature so much?
As I understand it, greenhouse gases absorb infrared radiation from the sun. Much of that radiation would otherwise continue and be absorbed on the planet surface in the ocean or on land.
If CO2 ...
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Does rain (temporarily) deplete the surrounding atmosphere of carbon dioxide?
CO2 in the air dissolves into rain water, making them slightly acidic. Is that enough to deplete the surrounding air out of CO2? If yes, how fast does this occur? Is it only with the first drops of ...
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Total CO$_2$ is not constant?
I've got a friend who is a climate change sceptic.
He argues that because all the CO2 in fossil fuels originally came from the earth's atmosphere. Then there can't be a problem releasing the CO2 back ...
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CO2 emissions per calorie (food)
I have seen several lists with CO2 emissions by weight for producing several different food products. I think this is an interesting consideration, and possible argument for vegetarianism/veganism.
I ...
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How did CO₂ originate on Earth before there was life?
To start life there has to be $\ce{CO2}$.
$\ce{Solar energy + 6CO2 + 6H2O -> C6H12O6 (sugars) + 6O2}$
$C_6H_{12}O_{6} + O_2 \longrightarrow H_2O + {CO}_2 + \text{Energy}$
So to start this cycle, ...
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Does use of hemp oil for transport fuel produce a net positive CO2e?
A Facebook post containing an image from @TheGretaEffect and actual post can be found here mentions the development of a plane build entirely of hemp products and fueled with hemp oil.
I was thinking ...
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How to measure Air CO2 Cheaply for a School Science Experiment
I'm helping my daughter with a science experiment for school to show the effect of CO2 enrichment on plant growth. We have two small tabletop greenhouses with approximately 10 Liter volume and we're ...
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Could increased $\ce{CO2}$ levels be a contributing factor why dinosaurs grew so big?
Is it possible that increased CO2 levels during the larger dinosaurs era is a major factor in why dinosaurs grew so big during this period?
And extrapolating this question, is it possible that the ...
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How to explain the remarkable regularity of the increased concentration of atmospheric carbon dioxide?
The Keeling curve is very well approximated with an exponential function with an offset $256$ [ppm]
$$256+A\cdot e^{\alpha\cdot t}$$
where $A=1.095\cdot10^{-12}$ and $\alpha=0.0161$ ($t$ is in years ...
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Alternative natural explanations for rise in atmospheric CO2? [duplicate]
I am in no way a climate-change skeptic, nor a denier. Motivated by this question and some articles I read online:
Are there any known natural processes beside human activities that are able to ...
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Is volume of air increasing as CO2 levels increase?
CO2 levels are increasing, they have crossed 400 ppm, which means that of every million gas molecules in the air, 400 are of CO2.
It has been increasing. Does that mean the total volume of air in the ...
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How is causality between past CO$_2$ levels and fossilized plant pores proxies established?
According to Mann and Kump (2015),
Geologic proxies are characteristics of sedimentary rocks that we can
use to infer ancient environmental conditions. Climate scientists
study proxies because there ...
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How are Mauna Loa $\ce{CO2}$ monthly trends computed?
The problem
I am trying to figure out how $\ce{CO2}$ concentration trends are computed in the data provided by the Earth Systems Research Laboratory Mauna Loa Observatory. The data contains monthly ...
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Is anthropogenic global warming unavoidable under modern civilisation? [closed]
Which are the reasons to believe that the climate crisis can be solved within our type of civilisation, that is, without putting in jeopardy the important advances of humanity that have been achieved ...
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Why are CO2 sensors so expensive when CO sensors aren't?
Please excuse me if Earth Science is not the correct place to ask this question.
I read a New York Times article about increasing $\small\mathsf{CO_2}$ levels in the atmosphere: "Carbon in Atmosphere ...
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Can we run out of air because of global warming?
Can it be that our air will be unbreathable in a few years due to CO2 emission? I think I may suffer from global warming anxiety and I accuse CO2 for my shortness of breath. Is it rational?
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When would the earth run out of carbon dioxide without man made climate change?
One of my friends told me quite seriously that Gaia had evolved humans to burn the fossil fuels and thus stop the earth running out of CO2.
Leaving aside the obvious nonsense it did raise an ...
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Does climate change cause increase in CO2?
My main question is how do we know that increase in global temperature does not CAUSE an increase in CO2 concentration?
I am trying to develop my mental model of what's going on for the climate ...
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Do carbon dioxide hydrates exist in nature?
Do CO2 hydrates exist in nature? If so, how much carbon could they contain?
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Calculating carbon sequestration on the percentage of tree cover
What variables are necessary to calculate carbon sequestration on densely population tree cover over a large spatial range?
I wish to work on a project that has been proposed to me and my team at work....
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Why is Belgium (and Luxembourg, Switzerland, Austria, Norway) still above consumption CO2 levels per capita of 1990? While many others did go down
"Consumption-based emissions reflect the consumption and lifestyle
choices of a country’s citizens."
Via this article https://ourworldindata.org/consumption-based-co2 I see that Belgium's ...
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Are small reductions in CO2 emissions better than no reductions, in terms of mitigating climate change?
My understanding of climate change is that a large increase in human-caused CO2 emissions is likely to lead to large change in the Earth's climate through a global warming effect. Scientific consensus ...
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How to convert CO2 emission from gC/m2/day to Tonnes?
I have an ODIAC Global CO2 emission dataset. The dataset is provided in netCDF (.nc) format and the resolution of the dataset is 1x1 degree. The unit of the dataset is gC/m2/day. I need to convert it ...
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How to convert mol m-2 s-1 CO2 emission to Megaton day-1 (MtCO2 per day)?
I am working on the global CO2 emission using a model dataset. The model provides the CO2 emission in mol m-2 s-1. How to convert mol m-2 s-1 CO2 emission to Megaton day-1 (Mt per day)?
Regards
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Are wetlands effective against climate change?
In the region where I live, there is a trend that conservation organizations are advocating the conservation and re-valuation of wetlands.
Aside from boosting biodiversity and providing other ...
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Why don't we store carbon by storing used plastics under ground?
Some types of used plastics are very stable.
They also contain a significant amount of carbon.
An example is polyethylene (PE).
When waste is collected for recycling, not every plastic part can be ...
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Can the absorbtion of infrared around the 650 wavenumber in water be a substantial cause of converting that spectrum range into other spectra?
CO2 absorbs around the 15 microns wavelenght or wavenumber 650, and radiates in the same but also a somewhat wider range.
However, the top layer of the oceans seem to also convert that spectrum range. ...
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What potential geoengineering technologies could help a country "achieve its Paris (agreement) targets"?
CNN's China to expand weather modification program to cover area larger than India ends with the following sentence:
"While China has not yet shown signs of 'unilaterally' deploying ...
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How would I compare (CO$_2$-eq) kg$^{−1}$ with metric tons?
I'm doing a project and looking at one of my scholarly resources, it says that
The carbon footprint per kilogram protein of plant-based
substitutes was found in the range of 6–17 carbon dioxide ...
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What is the carbon footprint of Spacex's plan for earth-to-earth transport plan compared to commercial aviation?
According to many articles around the web as well as the SpaceX official website (https://www.spacex.com/human-spaceflight/earth/index.html), Elon Musk plans to replace intercontinental flights with ...
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Review of calculation of CO$_2$ contribution to warming
In a Swedish Facebook group for "climate change skeptics" Erik Larsen has shared his calculation of how big part of temperature change can be attributed to human emissions of carbon dioxide. ...
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CO2 probe measuring at temperatures up to 150 °C [closed]
I'm looking for a $CO_2$ measuring probe (analog current output, digital out: RS232/485 - probe will be connected and transferring real time data to the data logger) that would operate up to 150 °C (...
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How will increased $\ce{CO2}$ affect forests and other vegetative areas?
Some researchers contend that increases in atmospheric CO2 (e.g., from anthropogenic emissions) will enhance plant growth in general.
What is the level of that enhancement?
Does the associated ...
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Is the net amount of CO2 sequestered by trees from the atmosphere simply related to the mass of new growth?
My simplistic model for the carbon cycle was that plants (or trees in particular) photosynthesise and transpire. The former takes up $\small\mathsf{CO_2}$ and $\small\mathsf{H_2O}$ and the latter does ...
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Carbon dioxide and ocean acidification based on temperature
For our assignment, we are required to analyse and compare the $\ce{CO2}$ level (in both ocean and air) of two different sites. Theoretically, shouldn't the $\ce{CO2}$ level of a colder region (e.g., ...
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