Questions tagged [meteorology]
The study of how the earth's atmosphere works, including weather forecasting. Use this tag for questions about the earth's weather. When asking questions specifically about the atmosphere, also include the [atmosphere] tag.
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Does an increase in SR lead to an increase in strength and intensity of ionospheric lightning?
As explained in the following document:
ELF Electromagnetic Waves from Lightning: The Schumann Resonances
Upper-Atmosphere phenomena like Sprites and Elves can be recorded with extremely low frequency ...
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Calculating layer thickness in python
I have calculated the $∂θ_\varepsilon/∂z$ with 'Height', 'Latitude', 'Longitude' dimensions.
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Why is the air above the Himalayas warmer than surrounding areas?
Looking at earth.nullschool.net on 13.09.2021 you can see that the temperature above the Himalayas appear warmer than the surroundings (at 700 hPa):
At the surface ...
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Range of frequencies of the Schumann resonance?
Crossposted at Physics SE
As the surface-ionospheric gap acts as a resonator for electromagnetic waves, it should have several harmonic values from the base, fundamental frequency of 7.83 Hz.
These ...
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Why isn't wind speed considered when calculating a heat index?
I work outside in Florida, and the heat is sometimes unbearable. But if a breeze hits me, it makes it much more tolerable. There are some days where there is high heat and humidity, and a steady wind. ...
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Is it possible for a local flood to reach the heights of a mountain, say 7000 ft, and wash away a ship over 350 miles? [closed]
Is it even possible? How much water would it take? Does the whole earth need to be flooded to reach that height?
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Why does the magnitude of the uncertainty on temperature forecast fluctuate periodically
I remember several years ago, the weather report on the VRT (Flemish national media) would show the temperature forecast of the coming days and it would also show the uncertainty on that temperature. ...
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Dynamic frontogenesis derivation
On page 142 of Lackmann's Midlatitude Synoptic Meteorology, Equation 6.7 gives the derivative of the Boussinesq buoyancy $b = \frac{g \theta'}{\theta_0 (z)}$ (perturbation potential temperature $\...
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Why is equatorial Africa wetter in the west than the east? [duplicate]
Looking at equatorial Africa in Google Maps, the western part – Guinea, the Congo – is the dark green of tropical rain forest that I would expect of a wet equatorial region, by analogy with the Amazon ...
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What causes thunderstorms to develop in the early dawn hours?
I know that a majority of thunderstorms form in the daytime due to convection from sunlight heating in a moist, unstable airmass. Once the sun begins to set, these storms dissipate.
But on some ...
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How is weather formation prevented in the stratosphere?
Water diffuses from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.
By that principle, I would expect water from the troposphere to diffuse into the stratosphere, where water content ...
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Why are waterspouts less powerful than tornadoes?
It's often said that waterspouts are weaker than tornadoes, but after some quick searches on the internet, I haven't been able to figure out why that is.
Two relevant sources that I've found:
This ...
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Is there a publicly accessible resource of video/image footage of the sky over an entire year?
I am looking for videos/image series that show (at least a section of) the (daytime) sky at a given location for a prolonged time (ideally > 1 year).
This youtube video is one example of what it ...
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Temperature Inversion
According to my environmental management textbook, the conditions necessary for a temperature inversion are:
High air pressure, which causes the upper air to sink
Calm conditions resulting from high ...
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How do you find the relationship between the angle a weather front makes with the ground and the temperatures and along front winds either side of it?
I am working through David Andrews' "An introductuion to atmospheric physics". (2nd Ed)
Question 4.8 concerns finding the relationship between the angle a weather front makes with the ground ...
Salamander
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How to linearize the shallow-water equations?
The shallow water equations are:
\begin{aligned}
&\frac{du}{dt} = -g\frac{\partial h}{\partial x} + fv\\
&\frac{dv}{dt} = -g\frac{\partial h}{\partial y} - fu\\
&\frac{dh}{dt} = -h(\frac{\...
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What meteorological features accompany/cause a thermal inversion?
I am physics grad student working on a problem of making a statistical (neural network) prediction of the air pollution in a city. I am provided with hourly values for ca. a dozen meteo features of ...
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Did Dark Lightning turn out to be a real thing? Is this what produces gamma ray flashes from lightning storms?
The Science at NASA video ScienceCasts: Dark Lightning describes observation of gamma rays from Earth by the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope.
These gamma rays are associated with weather that produces ...
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Are terms like "Extremely Torrential Rain" (>500 mm/24 hours) universal in meteorology?
Meteorological phenomenon can span large ranges in size and strength and categorizations exist based on thresholds, One example is the Saffir–Simpson hurricane wind scale (SSHWS) (see also NOAA)
...
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What are those precipitation and water droplet characterization instruments called that they put on meteorological aircraft? How do they work?
A long time ago I did some reading on Mie scattering and atmospheric particulate counting and I got sidetracked on raindrop characterization.
I remember reading about light and laser based ...
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Wind monitoring system for a specified region: How should this be done, and with what?
I am unsure if this is the correct place to ask such a question I will give it a go.
So, the lab I work in is building a "drone park" to conduct robotics and controls experiments in. This ...
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Determining if a fine resolution lat/lon point lies in a coarse resolution lat/lon grid box?
I have two datasets, each with two differing resolutions. The first dataset is a coarser resolution data set that has 0.5 x 0.625 degree resolution and contains values of MERRA-2 boundary layer ...
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What makes a typhoon suddenly turn by 90 degrees? (e.g. 2021 In-fa/Fabian)
The motion of Typhoon In-fa or Fabian made a hard 90 degree left turn and started heading towards Taiwan, slowed to 5 km/hr before reaching it, then took a hard 90 degree right turn and proceeded ...
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How much would 5 gigatons of methane warm the atmosphere compared to 5 gigatons of CO2 if both were released in one go?
I don't know much about science, I'm just curious about how much warming a certain amount of CH4 would cause compared to a similar amount of CO2 (both 5 GtC).
I'm sorry if the question sounded a bit ...
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Ways to make a "How hard is it raining?" detector for personal use?
Is there a consensus on the "heaviness" of rain? and Relationship between Probability of Precipitation and Predicted Amount of Rain remind me of a gedankenexperiment of mine. I like to ...
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Is there a consensus on the "heaviness" of rain?
As part of the home dashboard I am developing, I get information about incoming rain. It is given in mm/min.
Is there a consensus on the precipitation rate that is called "light rain", or &...
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Does storm seasonality vary with latitude?
Anecdotally, where I live in northern Europe, the weather seems to be stormier in winter, and this seems to be backed up by hard data. For example, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/...
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Are there some places near the equator that are hottest in their winter and some that are hottest in their summer? Is there a map of this?
Under this answer there's a comment:
I am not aware of any location having its hottest temperature in winter...
and for mid-to-polar latitude folks specifically we first learn that our summer is the ...
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How is a weather forecast really done?
I am trying to understand the concrete process of how a meteorologist at a weather forecast office produces the different types of weather forecasts.
I understand how numerical weather models work, ...
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Why do clouds dissipate when mixing with dry air?
So if dry air is just low humidity, meaning it has the capacity to hold more water vapour, it should make sense that the water droplets from the clouds will just evaporate and fill that dry air with ...
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The Pacific Northwest is about to endure the hottest temperatures in recorded history. What is the atmospheric setup causing it?
This is going to blow the July 2009 heat out of the water and into geostationary orbit. Dew points will also be high, between 17-20 Celsius. This goes beyond Arizona-during-the-monsoon-heat and into ...
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Why does the current warm spell in the Pacific Northwest include high, thin clouds?
I've noticed this during summers (lived here since birth). Sometimes there will be cloudless blue skies, other times when it gets warm there will be a layer of thin clouds, often with higher humidity ...
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Can a lightning strike ionise the material it strikes?
I know lightning strikes ionise the air, but I'm looking into geology, specifically amethyst, and found that it gets its colour partially from trivalent iron, iron(III), Fe 3+, whatever you want to ...
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Find optimum number and location of rain gauges
Is there any recommended method for finding the optimum number and location of rain gauges over a region based on the data from existing rain gauges. There is one Isohyetal method that does not give ...
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Why do clouds sometimes form in "plumes"?
When I started exploring GOES satellite images of cloud cover (such as this), I noticed clouds could form from "plumes." That is, large clouds could sometimes form by billowing up from one ...
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Do wind predictions have confidence scores?
I’m a sailing captain in training and my community members asked about confidence in wind predictions. They were unhappy with the large variation between different wind predictions. The speed and ...
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What effect would a slowdown of the AMOC have in particular on North America's climate/weather?
From what I know so far, a slowdown/shutdown in the gulf stream would cause climate change to run counter to the way that it would normally progress (i.e. poles warming faster than the tropics.) Warm ...
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Why are all the variables ( DRY_DEP_FLUX and WET_DEP_FLUX) zero in a wrf model output in all the time steps
I am working on WRF_GHG, I would like to calculate dry and wet deposition in the dry and wet seasons for CO2 and CH4 gases. However, when I check the wrf output, I see that all the variables (...
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How does the jet stream affect weather in Europe?
I researched how mid lattitude cyclones form and found it has to do with the jet stream, which is above the polar front. The pressure difference between the warm and cold air causes a pressure ...
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Can Cirrocumulus and Cirrostratus appear at the same time?
I see cirrocumulus fading away in the front and bunch of cirrostratus in the back. However, I was taught that cirrocumulus appear when the upper atmosphere is unstable while cirrostratus appear when ...
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Why do 30% of all typhoons in the western north pacific (WNP) affect Taiwan?
A 300-Year Typhoon Record in Taiwan and the Relationship with Solar Activity (also here) shows that about 30% of all typhoons in the western north pacific (WNP) affect Taiwan. (Author's home page)
I'm ...
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Is there any open source, stochastic rain forecast data available for the UK?
I'm sometimes frustrated by publicly available precipitation forecasts, such as those offered by the Met Office or Google. If I understand these forecasts correctly, they tell me:
The expected volume ...
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Some website or institute with integrated statistics on forecasting the occurrence of rainbows
I am a lay person in meteorology, maybe this is not the right place for my question, but I would like to ask then.
My question is simple: is there a website or institute that has integrated statistics ...
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Is it possible to detect Coriolis effect using a Wind Rose?
I once learned in high school that the area where I used to live experiences the Coriolis effects of the air movement above the city. I never paid attention to this before, but I recently heard about ...
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Cone of uncertainty in cyclones
Whenever I look up the track of a cyclone on the map, I always notice that the cone of uncertainty bulges as it moves towards land/ target. I have inserted two images to show you what I mean, you ...
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Why are clouds outlining the southeastern United States?
While watching the Starlink 25 launch earlier this month, I noticed that the Florida peninsula seemed to be nicely outlined by clouds. Pulling up satellite imagery from that time showed that my ...
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How to find the top level of the planetary boundary layer in WRF?
I am working on WRF_Chem, I would like to calculate the concentration of CO2 just in the Planetary boundary layer(I mean, I want to calculate CO2 from surface to top of PBL).in WRF How can I calculate ...
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Why are mornings cooler than nights?
In the morning, Google shows the temperature from four or five hours ago (around 2:00 a.m.). But then I update the report, and I get the temperature slightly lower than before.
Why is the temperature ...
user20559
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How are weather intensity scales created?
I am interested in the development of scales to measure extreme weather.
For example, the Enhanced Fujita Scale for measuring the intensity of tornadoes, etc. How were they created? OK sure, I know ...
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How to calculate rate of change of temperature with pressure in Earth's troposhere?
I was given a problem in a competitive exam from previous year:
Calculate the rate of change of temperature of the Earth's troposphere with pressure ($\frac{dT}{dP}$), given
Scale height, $H$, where $...
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