Questions tagged [models]
A tag for questions about conceptual, analytical or numerical models used in Earth science disciplines.
223 questions
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How to Handle Legacy Soil Data in Digital Soil Mapping (DSM)?
I am currently working on my master's thesis on Digital Soil Mapping – Soil Organic Carbon. Since I am using soil profiles from a legacy soil survey as training data, I am facing some confusion. The ...
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Is solar insolation always maximum at noon local time in diurnal cycle figure?
I am comparing different global models for various atmospheric fields. When I plotted diurnal cycle (at different locations) for top of the atmosphere net shortwave radiation for each model, I get ...
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Subsection for mercury in camxuserguide 6.50
studying the manual (user guide) of CAMx 6.50, a fact that really imprressed me is that there is a subsection in chemistry mechanisms for chemistry of mercury. Thus, I would like to ask why the ...
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How to estimate temperature based on known points in a map?
Imagine I have a map with known current temperatures measured at certain map points provided by meteorologic stations:
Source here
What's the most robust/accurate model to deduce the temperature to ...
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Is a flat Earth evenscientifically possible? [closed]
A prelude, I am not a flat Earther but is a flat earth even feasibly possible? If someone were able to take say a complete copy of the Earth and squash it flat what would be lost in the process? How ...
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NCEP GFS data products: ANL and FH000
I'm confused with the GFS model data products, presented at NCEP Products Inventory website. There are two types of products for analysis: ANL ("**.anl") and FH000 ("*.f000"). As ...
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How is cloud column water calculated in GDAS model files?
The question
NOAA helpfully provides model outputs from the Global Data Assimilation System (GDAS) for the past 10 days (https://nomads.ncep.noaa.gov/pub/data/nccf/com/gfs/prod/). Products include ...
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conserving mass while converting sigma levels to geopotential (z-levels)
I am using a sigma-level ocean model, so that I have dh (layer thicknesses), salinity and bathymetry (bottom depth) for some area (lon-lat box). Now, I would like to calculate the amount of salt at ...
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Rough empirical formula for average temperature and pressure
Is there a rough empirical formula that approximates local average annual air temperature and pressure from geographical latitude, altitude and distance from ocean shore?
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What's wrong with my Penman-Monteith model?
UPDATE: I believe I have found the mistake. I had missed that the project instructions stated that conductance of sensible heat flux should be equal to aerodynamic conductance. The model behaves as ...
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How have Icelandic geologists determined the position and length of the magma under Grindavík?
The Iceland Met Office website has a status page at https://en.vedur.is/about-imo/news/a-seismic-swarm-started-north-of-grindavik-last-night
It has mentioned using models to determine the location and ...
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Bias correction of CMIP6 projections
Is it always mandatory to perform a bias correction when working with CMIP6 climate projections?
I am working with multiple climate projections from CMPI6 and I'm not sure if this step is necessary, ...
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Seeking guidance on predicting salinity of River network with incomplete data
So I am working with the USGS data on salinity of various River reaches in the United States and not every reach mapped has been tested. Is there an accepted model for inferring the salinity of ...
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Earthquake clustering by pairs algorithm questions
A program I'm writing does the following:
(EQ=earthquake, EV=event, ML=machinelearning, etc)
from a time series (in a selected station) it picks pairs of EQ' EVs with similar characteristics (...
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What is the point of normalizing rocks to chondrite or normalizing to anything else for that matter?
To be exact, I'm talking about the Y-Axis. Normalizing does not make sense to me. How does this not skew data?
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Least equatorial ( and tidal) bulge consistent with modest amounts of water in polar regions
In World Building I asked a question about the climate of an hypothetical planet.
There Vogon poet said that
Everyone above 10° latitude will be in permanent drought
Considering that there were no ...
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How can combusted methane from landfill samples be quantified? [closed]
Background:
For my studies I'm wanting and attempting to make a landfill greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) model that predicts the amount of greenhouse gas equivalent emissions ($GHG_{eq}$ [tonnes/year]) ...
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ACRU4: rainfall units for the wetland water balance
Not sure about the rainfall units in the wetland water balance of ACRU.
I have looked at the ACRU4 user manual which comes with the modelling tool installation and a dissertation covering the wetland ...
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ACRU4 model run error: climate file -> "Error running display and data rules"
ACRU model was running fine and producing output.
After a few runs and parameter changes, the model returns this error message
Not sure what went wrong or changed.
Does anyone know what this means or ...
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Map showing the change in precipitation intensity
Hi I need a map for the North American region that shows the change in rainfall intensity. Unfortunately, I can only find maps like this map
Unfortunately, these are not detailed to use.
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Irrigating from multiple reservoirs in SWAT+
I am applying SWAT+ in an area with multiple reservoirs used for irrigation. I also have a lot of HRUs representing the various crop types in the catchment. The problem is that SWAT+ assigns one ...
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Developing or implementing manual/advanced irrigation in SWAT+
The following error about HRU occurred when I was trying to implement manual (advanced) irrigation operation.
An additional message advises that I contact developers directly when you want to create ...
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Updating plant/crop database
I have been trying to update the QSWAT+ crop database to include new crops. However it seems the model refuses to read a look-up table with new crops leaving me unable to represent all the various ...
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MIKE-SHE hydrological model: How to export SZ flow from a larger model to import into a smaller, nested model to inform SZ boundary conditions
We are working on a MIKE-SHE coupled MIKE-Hydro model for a small wetland in South Africa. One of the major issues is that it has zero-flux boundaries around the model domain in the saturated zone (SZ)...
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MHYDRO Hydrodynamics (MIKE HYDRO)
I have run a MIKE HYDRO 1D simulation to completion without any errors being flagged. How do I check for any instability within the model or whether the simulated results are realistic?
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Mapping variables in the model to theory documentation in WRSM-Pitman
I’m working with the comprehensive wetland module in WRSM-Pitman. However, the variables listed in the wetland tab of the channel module are not referred to in the same way as the variables listed in ...
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Negligible dam capacity to exclude from a runoff module
I am running the WRSM-Pitman model for the upper reaches of a quaternary catchment (which is smaller than its intended use for full quaternary catchments or larger areas). The total catchment area is ...
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ACRU4 PercentRiparianInfestation
One of the routines that I am interested in exploring further is the option of including a riparian zone within the Agricultural Catchments Research Unit (ACRU4) model. Once I add the riparian zone to ...
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Distribution of wetland inflows to the wetland storage in WRSM-Pitman
I’m working with the comprehensive wetland module in WRSM-Pitman (Bailey and Pitman, 2015) and reconstructing the water balance.
Apart from parameter differences, which proportion of upstream inflows ...
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WRSM-Pitman: Calculating alpha in the wetland surface area equation for estimating wetland evaporation
I am estimating the wetland water balance variables for the comprehensive wetland module.
For evaporation, it is calculated based on the net rainfall and average wetland storage area for the month. In ...
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MIKE-SHE and MIKE-HydroRiver model run error: “Unable to write dynamic item” - drive space issues?
I am trying to run a coupled hydrology-hydraulic, MIKE-SHE - MIKE-HydroRiver (MIKE 1D) model (2020 version, DHI). To get the MIKE 1D hydraulic simulation to run without stability issues I had to use a ...
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MIKE-SHE and MIKE-HydroRiver model run error “Water level exceeded maximum…more the 4.0000 times cross section height”
I am trying to run a coupled MIKE-SHE - MIKE-HydroRiver (MIKE 1D) model (2020 version) on a daily timestep. The model gets through the preprocessing stage without a problem but then shows an error ...
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MIKE-SHE model run error: “UZ column shorter than the initial water depth”
I am trying to run a catchment model using MIKE-SHE (2020 version, DHI) including an unsaturated zone (UZ) and a saturated zone (SZ) in the set-up. I have specified the ‘Finite Difference’ method for ...
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ACRU4 riparian zone receiving flood water from river channel
I would like to include wetlands and riparian zones as hydrological response units (HRUs) within the agricultural catchment research unit (ACRU4) model. In the ACRU4 user manual there are graphical ...
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What is the effect of increasing the size interval in the generalized dynamic equation (GDE) to simulate an evolving aerosol?
The following differential equation allows me to calculate the the number concentration of aerosol particles from 2 nm to 3 nm.
$$\frac{dN_2{_-{_3}}}{dt}=J_2-J_3-N_2{_-{_3}}.CoagS_2{_-{_3}}$$
In the ...
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Velocity boundary conditions from water depth time series
Currently, I am setting up a hydrodynamic model for a coastal zone. For this purpose I need to impose the velocity and water level at the open boundary.
Tidal models (e.g. TPXO) can give both velocity ...
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Cannot initialize MIKE-1D - Failed when solving for a steady state solution; water level being exceeded; Warning: Hyperthreading
I get the following error messages when running the hydrological model MIKE-SHE:
"Cannot initialize MIKE-1D - Failed when solving for a steady state solution; water level being exceeded; Warning: ...
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Milancovich analysis
I would like to show the change in temperatures since 1960 until today. I have thought about creating two time blocks, e.g. from 1960-1970 and from 2010-2020! Then I want to average the data of these ...
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World Elevation Data as CSV
Hi I need For each Lat and Long value also the Alt value! However, I am having problems extracting these values from a Geotiff and wonder if this data is publicly available in Excel or CSV file format?...
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How to plot quiver (current/wind arrows) plot on a basemap
and thank you for answering
I am trying to plot a quiver plot on a basemap (The basemap has to be a good quality map such as openstreetmap) and I can't find a way to do it.
There are some examples on ...
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Complex interpolation for Isotopic data
I have another question, is there a package that interpolates precipitation data taking into account mountains and oceans? I have so far used Numpy and Basemap but as you can see in the code, the data ...
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Where can I find archived NAM/HRRR model runs?
I am looking for archived model runs for high-resolution North American weather models, i.e. NAM and HRRR stretching back 10+ years. Do these exist on the internet? Failing that, what's the next best ...
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A problem of the 2-Layer hydrostatic model
The 2-layer hydrostatic model is like this
And the pressure of the two layers and the top are
and it is easy to find the horizontal gradient of $p_1$ and $p_2$
\begin{equation}
\begin{aligned}
\nabla ...
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What to do with a gas sensor's values that fall outside of a model's range?
I'm using a few gas sensors (MQ2, MQ3, MQ4, MQ5, MQ6, MQ7, MQ8, MQ9, and MQ135) to measure the air quality inside my home. These sensors have been calibrated to work within a specific concentration ...
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Are there any online earth science formula/equation libraries?
I'm looking for a formula library like fxSolver but specifically for Earth science formulas. I could rummage through scientific papers like a nerd racoon, but first I want to make sure there isn't a ...
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Can historical emissions data be used for a future WRF-Chem model run?
I am new to running the WRF-Chem model, so this question maybe a little elementary. I wanted to perform an year-long simulation of certain chemical species for 2019 and for that, is it sufficient to ...
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Is spin-up really required to run the WRF-Chem model and if so, what determines the time period of the spin-up?
For example, I am interested in making a simulation for some chemical species for 2019. I am planning to provide NCEP/GDAS FNL meteorological data at 0.25 degree and CAM-Chem chemical boundary layer. ...
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Can we know if a numerical model will converge or not according to the boundary conditions?
Consider a square 2D domain and a steady-state simulation. According to the geology of the domain, the North, South, West and East limits must be conditions of zero flow (Neumann). The aquifer ...
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What methods/apparatus are used to model the early Earth? What do we know of their accuracy?
A friend of mine asked our teacher but the class was over and in online mode, I can't ask my teacher until the next lecture. It sparked my curiosity, I know we use carbon dating for finding the age of ...
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Is there a more accurate method for estimating ground or soil temperatures
Context
We have geothermal, engineering and construction clients who often need accurate estimates of ground temperatures for project sites before they have physical access to the sites (for ...
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