All Questions
7,138
questions
4
votes
1
answer
138
views
What are the possible mechanisms that could cause a rapid drop of temperature over few days?
I live in Hong Kong. Two days ago, the average daily temperature was around 27–28 °C and in yesterday, it was around 22–23 °C (during daytime it was rather hot i.e. 26–27 °C and it was at night that ...
- 23.1k
7
votes
2
answers
2k
views
Where can fluorite be found on Long Island, New York?
I'm interested in fluorite (Since Fluorine is my favorite element, and I wanted a sample of it, even if bonded, but I don't want to buy it; that would be no fun), and I'm curious if it can be found on ...
- 3,376
2
votes
0
answers
104
views
Which has a greater effect on the temperature of a lake: the number of fish, or the angle of the rays of light hitting the surface of the lake [closed]
Would the number of fish in a lake, along with how large they are, and how much they move, have a greater effect on the temperature of the lake than the angle of the sun's light hitting the surface of ...
- 5,946
8
votes
1
answer
180
views
What are the temperature and pressure conditions an ROV design would have to deal with to descend to 4000m?
I have looked at a few do it yourself remotely operated vehicles (ROV), and considered making one myself. However my research on the web has turned up a lot of conflicting information about ...
- 23.1k
5
votes
1
answer
781
views
Estimating the residence time of atmospheric CO2 from bomb 14C
This (rather dodgy) graph shows a number of estimates of the residence time of atmospheric CO2:
My question concerns why there is so much variation (Machta, 1974 about 3 years, Seuss and Druffe, 1983 ...
- 23.1k
2
votes
1
answer
129
views
Why do values stored in data files, such as climate model output, appear to be high?
I'm in doubt of some values for future scenarios of climate change that were downloaded from http://www.worldclim.org/version2. For example, the NCAR circulation model for ...
- 91
3
votes
1
answer
159
views
Are "rainy season" and "less rainy season" good ways to describe Amazon seasons in English scientific language?
I'm a Brazilian native. Here, the English translation to the most didactic way to express the Amazon seasons are: "rainy season", and "less rainy season", because it always rains a lot, but there is a ...
- 8,768
3
votes
0
answers
34
views
Can caliches form in arctic soils?
Caliches are signature features of many arid soils. In addition to the typical places of formation in deserts, they also occur in parts of the Tibetan plateau. Can they also form in polar climates? If ...
- 2,813
4
votes
1
answer
955
views
How can scientists measure chemical composition on other planets?
How can scientists measure chemical composition (oxygen, nitrogen etc) and temperature on other planets without being there?
- 2,211
4
votes
1
answer
152
views
ISA Model and GFS data
I have a newbie question...
I always used the International Standard Atmosphere model whenever I needed to calculate the temperature in a given altitude.
It always looked accurate to me...
However,...
- 8,799
4
votes
0
answers
57
views
How can I analyze how environmental conditions are related among different sites?
I want to analyze how the environmental conditions along the migratory route of a bird are related to the environmental conditions found at the breeding ground (which it is at high latitudes and we ...
- 395
5
votes
1
answer
84
views
How do these cloud forms grow?
What conditions would cause these windswept clouds at sunset in Michigan?
Do these cloud forms have a name?
- 221
3
votes
0
answers
501
views
Linear Boussinesq Equation for groundwater flow in inconfined aquifer?
I was reading a paper (equation 1 in linked paper) where they used 'linearized Boussinesq' equation to model groundwater in unconfined aquifer. The linearized Boussinesq equation described in the ...
- 779
8
votes
2
answers
3k
views
How far up do you have to go before most of the atmosphere is below you?
If I wanted to make an air shield around the earth to contain exactly half the planet's atmosphere (by mass), how far above sea level would I have to build it?
It's slightly complicated to me because ...
- 23.1k
8
votes
1
answer
2k
views
Why do fjords have sills?
I have read about some of the geologic processes that are related to the formation of fjords. Is the presence of sills in fjords related to the deposition of glacial moraine?
- 5,946
5
votes
0
answers
68
views
calculation of coefficients for snow melt DDF
How can I obtain coefficients for Degree-Day Factor method estimating snowmelt rate?
Any reference would be appreciated.
- 151
3
votes
1
answer
358
views
Has anyone driven under, or received camera footage from, the Great Artesian Basin in Australia?
I can find information about the basin as a water-source, along with photos of the ground over its 1,700,000 square km surface. But have divers ever entered this space, or tunnels been dug for cameras,...
- 5,946
3
votes
2
answers
506
views
Elevation of a point on Earth
What purpose is served by taking sea level as the reference point for finding the height of any point on Earth when we all know that measuring the sea level is a very complex task and it differs from ...
- 1,758
3
votes
2
answers
907
views
How do I read IASI GDS L1C in Python?
I'm trying to read IASI GDS Level 1C data (all spectral samples) in the EUMETSAT EPS Native Format, as documented in the Generic Product Format Specification (PDF, 738 KB, 72 pages) and the IASI Level ...
- 13.6k
0
votes
1
answer
259
views
Modified blackbody model of earth. What is wrong with it? [closed]
I have made a modified blackbody model that predict earth temperature distribution with high accuracy. It doesn´t include mass or gases. It is based on the initial thought that all energy above ...
- 97
9
votes
2
answers
24k
views
How does the Sun heat the Earth?
The core of the sun has a temperature of 15,000,000 °C.
The surface of the sun has temperature around 5,000 °C.
The sun is around 93 million miles (150 million km) away from earth.
My Question: With ...
- 23.1k
14
votes
2
answers
433
views
How to remove 'silk braid' noise in satellite data?
Satellite remote sensing data is a powerful tool for researching the spatial distribution and temporal variation of atmospheric species.
Aura is one satellite owing to NASA which meaning ...
- 23.1k
9
votes
1
answer
2k
views
What's the background concentration of trace gas/pollutants?
I have read a paper discussing the concentration of air pollutants and their background concentration. In the paper Characterization of background air pollution exposure in urban environments using a ...
- 23.1k
2
votes
1
answer
131
views
Result of deterioration of vegetation
I had this question in my previous exam, it says:
Deterioration of vegetation resulted by overgrazing results in......
1.desert encroachment.
2.change in climate.
I had to choose 1 or 2 and I chose ...
CommunityBot
- 1
1
vote
0
answers
53
views
How can the hydrosphere be properly used to reduce the load on the lithosphere [closed]
The earth is made up of 70% hydrosphere and 30% lithosphere.The space of lithosphere is continually used and it seems there is a threat to a balance ecosystem.Describe how the hydrosphere can be make ...
- 23.1k
4
votes
2
answers
2k
views
How do we apply the Stefan-Boltzmann equation to radiative heat transfer from/to CO2 in the atmosphere?
If we can use the Stefan-Boltzman equation to quantify the radiative flux leaving a solid body due to emission of radiation and to do it properly for a solid body we need to include the emissivity ...
- 97
6
votes
3
answers
632
views
Is the ocean guaranteed to warm in a warming climate, regardless of whether it absorbs LW radiation?
More specifically, I've seen some discussion of this article:
http://www.realclimate.org/index.php/archives/2006/09/why-greenhouse-gases-heat-the-ocean/
which claims that the observed ocean warming ...
- 97
3
votes
3
answers
119
views
Why doesn't the whole volcanic cone appear black?
Cooled lava looks black, but why the whole volcano, even near crater, doesn't always appear black like cooled lava?
- 6,891
2
votes
1
answer
92
views
Are Great Britain and Italy parts of the same geological feature?
The Great Britain island and the Italy peninsula look somewhat aligned on the map, like continuations of each other.
Are they part of the same large scale geological feature?
- 3,376
3
votes
1
answer
58
views
Beringia - history of the region, periods of sea level fall/rise - paleogeography of Pleistocene
I am trying to find any published (not wiki) source of information about how many times and when exactly the Bering Land Mass was free of water. Everything that I find is just pieces of information in ...
- 41
3
votes
1
answer
359
views
Do archaeologists deliberately leave parts of sites untouched so that someone can come back later? [closed]
Thinking about all the new technologies and techniques that are available to archaeologists now compared to even 50 years ago, it occurred to me that there might be considerable benefit to leaving ...
- 1,186
4
votes
1
answer
489
views
A sedimentary rock with only minerals
In my text book I came across this multiple-choice question
A sedimentary rock consists of only minerals and lacks fossils, it could be classified as:
i) a clastic sedimentary rock
ii) a chemical ...
CommunityBot
- 1
8
votes
3
answers
322
views
Climatology Career
I am a high school Biology teacher with a crazy passion for climate and environmental changes. I wish I had known this before I started college. I have been out of college for a year and have been ...
- 544
5
votes
0
answers
81
views
What happens to the earth after volcanism/tectonics slows?
If we move far enough into the future that the core begins to solidify to the point that volcanism and tectonics are non-existent, what does the surface of the planet begin to look like? Does the ...
- 151
3
votes
1
answer
282
views
Has there ever been a study done on the effect of steam/thermal pollution on climate [duplicate]
Most people are well aware of the idea of greenhouse warming. Carbon dioxide receives particular attention, do to the uncertainty of sources, sinks, and inert properties. However, combustion, which ...
- 5,857
3
votes
0
answers
328
views
measuring fracture length and width using PKN and KGD models for hydraulic fracturing?
I am trying to understand PKN and KGD models for hydraulic fracturing. I am wondering why equations for fracture width and length does not include 'breakdown pressure' (pressure at which fracture ...
- 779
4
votes
0
answers
66
views
Equation for Atmospheric Pressure Tide
Using Pressure sensors - I found out that there is a daily pressure wave-like pattern with peaks at 9:00 & 21:00 (local time).
I want to construct an equation to explain this phenomena, probably ...
- 151
1
vote
0
answers
1k
views
Why isn't the sun due south at noon? [closed]
I was going to ask a question about why the sun is not due south at noon throughout the year. There was a discussion on this site about daylight savings time, GMT, longitude, time zone boundaries and ...
3
votes
2
answers
144
views
The Geological make-up in my area
I live in the Piedmont area of Virginia and only an hour and a half from the foothills of the Blue Ridge Mountains. I recently found a number of what I believe to be petrified wood specimens. There ...
- 4,419
3
votes
0
answers
64
views
Visually Realistic Supercell Modeling
Are there any published descriptions of simple equations governing the formation, evolution, and decay of severe storms? Specifically, I am interested in equations that are able to produce tornadoes ...
- 131
3
votes
0
answers
57
views
What is the minimum area needed to create a functional weather system?
Beyond creating a closed ecological system - that focuses on providing a balanced homeostatic environment - what is the smallest area that could create actual weather events?
If we wanted to engineer ...
- 131
5
votes
0
answers
103
views
What causes a change in composition from basanite to nephelinite?
Can the change in composition from basanite to nephelinite (i.e. increasing alkalis with decreasing SiO2) be explained in terms of fractional crystallisation, or only by a decreasing degree of partial ...
- 24.7k
6
votes
0
answers
567
views
How much of Earth's forested land is currently protected from logging/deforestation?
Deforestation is an ongoing global problem. From this National Geographic webpage:
The quickest solution to deforestation would be to simply stop cutting down trees. [However], financial realities ...
-4
votes
1
answer
628
views
Experimental testing to falsify the theory of the greenhouse gas effect [duplicate]
Irrespective of how accepted any scientific theory happens to be it is often worth thinking about a possible experiment to test said theory and perhaps falsify it. If we wanted to do this for the ...
- 544
5
votes
1
answer
490
views
Why does the loss of water from a felsic magma encourage crystallisation?
Felsic magmas crystallise in the crust, unlike mafic magmas which tend to make it to the Earth's surface, for the following reasons:
They are more viscous than mafic magmas and therefore it is ...
- 23.1k
9
votes
6
answers
5k
views
How can we have groundwater depletion when the Earth is 78% covered with oceans?
Why does depletion of underground water levels happening, if the Earth is covered by nearly 78% water, and there is also water in rivers and lakes?
How can we still lack groundwater?
- 1
10
votes
1
answer
993
views
How are data from tiltmeters used to monitor volcanic activity?
I've just learned in this answer that tiltmeters (which I assume measure changes in tilt) are used near active volcanos. (Saw a mention in item 4. here also.)
What kind of geological (volcanological?)...
- 7,148
10
votes
3
answers
3k
views
What geophysical instruments should I use to detect water without drilling?
How can one detect (preferably artesian) aquifers nowadays that a lot of sensors are available? Should I use ground-penetrating radars, neutron detectors, or any other advanced devices? Can seismic ...
2
votes
2
answers
185
views
If a ship on its way to Germany from Norway sank, where will the survivors likely end up?
a) what are the chances, taking into account influencing factors like ocean currents, that these survivors will end up on English shores?
b) what are the chances, again taking into account all ...
- 3,376
4
votes
1
answer
400
views
Why does NOAA no longer provide sunshine data?
It seems like NOAA used to provide sunshine data from the US weather stations but no longer does. Is there a reason that was discontinued?
- 3,376