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I have never understood why earth's inner core is solid. … Considering that the inner core is made of an iron-nickel alloy (melting point around 1350 C to 1600 C) and the temperature of the inner core is approximately 5430 C (about the temperature of the surface …

It is believed to consist primarily of an iron–nickel alloy and to be approximately the same temperature as the surface of the Sun: approximately 5700 K (5430 °C). … How do we know what the size of the inner core is? Bonus Points: How did we come up with iron-nickel as being the believed constituent for the core? …

the Earth's core temperature. … Now as we move out from the solid inner core, temperature drops, and pressure also decreases. …

From what I know, it's supposed that there are large amounts of Uranium in Earth's Core, the decay of which is responsible for the core maintaining its high temperature. … Mining the core is hardly imaginable, while the resources in Crust are more accessible available for mining: so how much is in the Crust, and at what levels of concentration? …

I have heard that the Earth is made up of four layers, being the crust, the mantle, the outer core and the inner core. … I have also heard that the Earth's temperature increases as you move from the crust to the inner core, with the inner core having a temperature of 4700 degrees. …

The inner core of the Earth has an enormous temperature of around 4300 degrees Celsius. … of the core quite irrelevant to the temperature on the Earth's crust? …

I referred to him to a rather famous paper by Micheal Drake which says: "Further, there is no compelling experimental evidence that Si is extracted into the core under present core-mantle boundary … For example, at the base of a high pressure/temperature terrestrial magma ocean, the metal/silicate partition coefficent for Si is approximately $10^{-3}$ to $10^{-2}$" But since this paper was published …

Few if any people would like to fly a small aircraft close to its core, and radiosondes or larger balloons would be ripped to pieces. … Are there any projects, either operationally or for research purposes, that involve dropping sondes from UAVs flying above deep convective systems, in order to measure profiles of pressure, temperature …

So I read somewhere that the inner core temperature of Earth might be as high as 7000 °C. … Depending on the composition of the different layers towards the surface, the temperature should decline until the surface temperature of the air, at about average 14 °C, is reached. …

As in ice core data shows that $CO_2 $ levels have fluctuated on levels correlating to the temperature and ice levels, but I couldn't think of a mechanism for what might be the link between the release …

When looking at the long term ice-core temperature record, it very clearly shows a ~100,000 year cyclical trend with warming spikes and gradual cooling. … This would indicate to me that the current upward temperature trend is not human-caused. What refutes that idea? …

This implies the dynamo is missing because of a lack of convection in the Venusian core. … Inner core is solidified, missing or lacking temperature gradient. I am interested in more complete list of conditions that are necessary, like for example in this answer about plate tectonics. …

As far as I know scientists use oxygen isotope 16 to 18 ratio in air trapped in glaciers (or in old foraminiftera shells) as proxy for temperature in the past. … So how to figure out temperature from ice and sediments cores? …

The core of the sun has a temperature of 15,000,000 °C. The surface of the sun has temperature around 5,000 °C. The sun is around 93 million miles (150 million km) away from earth. …

The answer to How long until Earth's core solidifies? question cites an estimation that the Earth (as a planet, not the surface of it) has cooled down by about 250K since it was formed. …