# Tag Info

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Water molecules do interact with microwaves and in microwave ovens that operate at 900MHZ- 2.5GHz. This Radar instrument operates using Very High Freq Radio Waves at 193MHz [1]. At lower-than-microwave frequencies, the loss factor is much lower, and as a result the wave can penetrate deeper into the ice sheet with minimal absorption. The difference in ...

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Bird migration has been studied by Weather radar Bird migration study using weather radars and the monitoring can be visualized here - Bird migration density profiles. A github site Time Integrated Multi altitude Migration Patterns has been developing algorithms to estimate the density, speed and direction of migration movement at different altitudes ...

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When electromagnetic waves travel through a medium, it can interact with the medium in question. But that interaction depends on the electric properties of the medium. Ice, being a dielectric medium, do interact with the incident e.m. wave from the sensor. The penetration depth is directly proportional to the wavelength of the radiation used (there are ...

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This Weather Channel story gives a lot of things that show up on NWS radar... such as bats Or even vehicles on the highway: I believe the conditions typically have to be just right atmospherically to track things in the low atmosphere like this, generally involving beam ducting due to inversions most common near/after dark. So it's probably unlikely they ...

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Swedish scientists have used the Movable Atmospheric Radar for Antarctica to detect birds, which showed up in their radar echo. I remember that they were talking about teaming up with ornithologists to use what for them is noise (as they're interested in the middle and upper atmosphere) as a signal, but I don't know if they got anywhere with that. Although ...

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Snow, unlike rain, has holes as well as different refractive properties. This allows the radar beam to penetrate and reflect the beam differently than an ordinarily oblate rain drop.

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The returned energy which is measured by the radar is given by the so-called "radar equation" which states that: $P_r=\frac{CK_w^2}{r^2}\sum_{i=1}^Nn_iD_i^6$ Here $C$ is "just" some antenna characteristics and $r$ is the distance from the radar. $K_w$ is the dielectric constant, which differs for rain and snow. For rain it is ...

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Frequency Most high-power radio-frequency amplifiers (klystrons, cavity magnetrons) have a very limited frequency range. A dual-frequency radar would essentially be two radars hooked up to the same antenna. Polarization Horizontally-polarized radar waves reflect more strongly from the ground than vertically-polarized waves, while circularly-polarized ...

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The paper basically combines multiple datasets to figure out the changes in ice surface elevation and ice thickness at tidal and multi-year timescales. That way they were able to study grounding line migration, and the melt rate of the glacier and its corresponding ice shelf from above and below. Then they were able to make inferences of the processes ...

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A way to check if those clouds and precipitation are real is to check the same area and time with another radar. This is the image loop of Sidney (Terrey Hills) radar for the same time (the same you used). It shows the same pattern than your image. In the animated images that arch centered in the radar looks even weirder. This is the image loop of ...

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A vertical cross section in RHI mode reveals vertical structure that you can't directly observe in a horizontal PPI scan. In the image below you can clearly see that there is a significant bounded weak echo region (BWER). You could put this together from PPI scans at different scan elevations combined for a 3D view but with RHI you can see this from a ...

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Full disclosure: Being in Florida, I don't spend as much time watching winter weather, and don't have great experience correlating radar precipitation totals to actual snowfall. Is it spring yet? But I do at least some background and information, and so hopefully can add some insight. Using radar is certain to have imperfections... Smaller Radar Caveats: ...

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The first equation does not match up with the units. But first things first... What you're calculating when you calculate rain rate is an accumulation rate, which is volume flux through a plane (mass flux divided by density) divided by the area of that plane. For this reason, it doesn't matter whether it is computed over a square meter or a square kilometer -...

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In the figure: The top panel is the radar gram measured in depth below ice surface (m). It is flat because when you do the measurement it starts from the surface which is 0m. The distance from the aircraft to the surface would have been relatively constant but the plot starts from the air-ice boundary at 0m. The middle panel is a cross section measured in ...

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If they propagate outward from thunderstorms, they are outflow boundaries. Cold air flows down from the thunderstorm with precipitation and spreads outward upon hitting the ground. This air moves ahead of the storm and forces warmer air upward, suspending clouds and other particles. That's what is visible on radar. More: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/...

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In the case of a ground looking radar, the cross-polarized signals HV and VH generally increase with surface roughness. For example, dense vegetation is one of the more depolarizing surface types because the polarization orientation of the emitted beam is scrambled over the course of multiple scattering interactions within the canopy before returning to the ...

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I found the picture with a small write up on a JPL site. It's a picture of the Aine Corona with pancake domes. P-38340 MGN-48 5/21/91 This Magellan radar image shows a region approximately 300 kilometers (180 miles) across, centered on 59 degrees south latitude, 164 degrees east longitude and located in a vast plain to the south of Aphrodite ...

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The SMAP includes both an active L-band synthetic aperture radar and a passive microwave radiometer. Any object above a temperature of absolute 0 will emit thermal radiation over a wide range of frequencies. The spectrum of this radiation can vary from that of a theoretical "black body" depending on its physical properties, especially the dielectric ...

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The launch was scheduled for 2017 using a DNPER launch vehicle. It seems that the contract contract between Kosmotras and Hisdesat was canceled and that resulted in an uncertain launch date. The satellite has been finished since 2013 and it has been waiting for over 3 years to be launched. Source The dispute between Russia and Ukraine resulted in EU ...

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