37
votes
Why do trees break at the same wind speed?
Why do trees break at the same wind speed?
Image source: Wikimedia Commons
Note that in the above image, that almost all of the trees had their tops snapped off. This claim is about tree's being ...
- 20.7k
24
votes
Could the extraction of energy by wind turbines be harmful to the environment?
The short answer is yes, it's possible. And it can also reduce harm.
Summary of the changes
Here's a brief summary of the changes that happen when electricity is generated from a wind turbine, rather ...
- 4,090
23
votes
Accepted
Why are there waves in seas towards shore - even in night?
Ocean waves (and also in mediterranean type seas and larger lakes, but on a smaller scale) are generated by two processes:
locally generated waves ("wind waves"), which follow the direction of the ...
- 421
17
votes
Accepted
Potential explanations of Red Sea crossing
To my knowledge, the best study looking at potential explanations for the Red Sea crossing is the one by Nof and Paldor (1992). They present a couple of plausible scenarios for the crossing. The main ...
- 14.8k
16
votes
Accepted
Why is aerodynamic resistance defined inversely?
It's partly historical, partly point-of-view, but it's not a mistake.
The friction coefficient emphasises the effect of the surface on a property of the boundary layer, i.e., greater surface friction ...
- 3,301
14
votes
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Why does the Inter tropical Convergence Zone shift?
On a broader scale the ITCZ and monsoons are related. This is because the global circulation shifts as a result of the tilt of the earth's axis relative to the orbit around the sun. In northern ...
- 4,549
14
votes
Accepted
What is the explanation of using pressure units (hPa) to express height when dealing with wind speeds?
There are several reasons. From the theoretical point of view it is beneficial to use isobaric coordinates, due to the vanishing density in the equations of motion. While in cartesian coordinates the ...
- 815
13
votes
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Plotting wind barbs in python
Your uwnd variable holds 32 bit floats and has shape (1,73,144) corresponding to time, lat, lon and is located in the Dataset ...
- 14k
12
votes
What is the difference between roughness length and zero plane displacement?
First some definitions:
$z_0$: Roughness length is defined as the height at which the mean velocity is zero due to substrate roughness. Real walls/ground are not smooth and often have varying degrees ...
- 4,001
12
votes
What exactly is wind velocity
Before defining wind velocity, I think it is necessary to explain the continuum assumption. The basic idea is that even though gases are composed of discrete molecules occupying a small fraction of ...
- 14.8k
12
votes
Is this ice cover real - and what circumstances are required to make it?
Yes, it is real. Whoever took the photo, congratulations on a very fine image.
I have never seen this texture on such a scale, but something similar can be achieved in the laboratory by creating a ...
- 14.1k
12
votes
Accepted
Do hurricanes cool the earth?
Hurricanes can be viewed as having primary and secondary circulations. The primary circulation is what we see in satellite photos, comprising the winds and clouds that circle the low pressure zone at ...
- 20.7k
11
votes
Accepted
Why does wind blow offshore in the morning?
The phenomenon you describe is denoted as a land breeze. It is caused by a difference between the sea surface temperature and the land surface temperature.
Surface Temperature
During day time the ...
- 2,641
11
votes
Accepted
Plotting ERA5 U/V Wind Data Using Python
First off very few people are using Basemap from Matplotlib these days. From this link matplot basemap
Basemap is deprecated in favor of the Cartopy project. See notes in Cartopy, New Management, ...
- 6,277
10
votes
Why is ocean surface velocity around 3% of wind velocity?
A very good analysis looking at the 3% relationship is an article by Weber (1983). His main result is that:
We assume a fully developed sea, and take the eddy viscosity to be proportional to the ...
- 14.8k
10
votes
Accepted
What exactly is wind velocity
You can calibrate anemometers from other anemometers, or loosely from a windsock if precision isn't that important. But per your question, how was the first anemometer calibrated?
See my answer ...
- 14k
10
votes
Why is aerodynamic resistance defined inversely?
This is a good question, and the answer is, aerodynamic resistance is not defined inversely. It is rather, defined in a context that is often misinterpreted.
In your question, you state that ...
- 4,933
10
votes
Accepted
Wind profile below the aerodynamic roughness length
The key text here is "for $z>z_0$". It's telling you that, while you can evaluate the equation for other values of $z$, outside of that range the equation is not a valid description of the ...
- 3,301
10
votes
Accepted
How to calculate w-wind?
Omega, ω is closely related to w in meteorology.
It can be moved towards w using the chain (this reminder from Watkins at SJSU helped)...
...
- 8,157
10
votes
How do these cloud forms grow?
Looks like Cirrus Fibratus (Ci fib) to me.
See e.g. Wolkenatlas or Clouds Online.
Regarding the formation of Ci fib, Name of Clouds says:
Cirrus fibratus clouds are formed when winds at high ...
- 221
9
votes
Accepted
Why do certain areas on Earth have a higher or lower air pressure at sea level?
By way of analogy consider a hot air balloon. The balloon encloses some air. As the air is heated, via massive gas burners, the air in the balloon becomes less dense compared to the air outside the ...
- 21.9k
9
votes
Does "wind" include the air molecules involved, or merely the kinetic energy?
Kinetic energy is the work needed to accelerate a mass. Wind defined as the velocity air (not the same as energy, as noted in comment).
However, the air moved by wind is a good example of kinetic ...
- 5,906
9
votes
Is this ice cover real - and what circumstances are required to make it?
This picture was taken in what seem to be a small pond, of very calm water. It seem that in ideal conditions, implying but not limited to :
absence of winds
clean water eg: no nuclei to provide an ...
- 2,633
9
votes
Accepted
Long-term Wind Speed Forecasting: reality or wishful thinking?
Warning: "long-term wind-speed forecasting for generation" has (at least) two very different meanings. One refers to forecasting a distribution of wind speeds; the other refers to hour-by-hour (or ...
- 4,090
9
votes
Why do trees break at the same wind speed?
As the other answer points out, this is very likely an evolutionary adaptation that balances sturdiness with unnecessary overengineering. From a physics perspective, the relatively constant breaking ...
- 380
9
votes
What is a wind chill formula that will work from -10 C to +50 C and uses wind speed in km/h?
Wind chill is only relevant for cold temperatures. During hot temperatures, the affect of wind is to increase the felt temperatures.
What would be more appropriate would be apparent temperature, also ...
- 21.9k
8
votes
Intuitive definition of the Monin-Obukhov length?
The way I understand it is the height above the surface at which buoyant (heat) production of turbulence first equals the mechanical (shear) production of turbulence.
A more useful definition is ...
- 14.8k
8
votes
Accepted
How can odor travel be tracked
The first problem to tackle is "what is an odor"? An odor is a chemical aerosol or gas, which are small molecules suspended in the atmosphere. To track the odors of pizza or burning wood you would ...
- 14k
8
votes
Sea breeze - magnitude of horizontal pressure gradient?
In his book, Simpson (Simpson, J. E. (1994). Sea breeze and local winds. Cambridge University Press) shows a figure that includes the pressure difference between Jersey in the Channel Islands and ...
- 14.8k
8
votes
Accepted
Would there still be wind if Earth had no water?
I wouldn't say water is naturally cooler than air. What I would say is that water has a higher heat capacity than air. This means it takes more energy to affect the same increase in temperature and ...
- 14k
Only top scored, non community-wiki answers of a minimum length are eligible