Water plays a crucial role in plate tectonics by easing the brittle and ductile deformation of the Earth's lithosphere. Water lowers the Mohr-Coulomb for brittle fractures. During ductile deformation, it lubricates different deformational regimes. This is also important for the deformation in the asthenosphere.
In addition, water plays an important role in the formation of water-bearing minerals and the fluxing of melts, thereby substantially changing the rheology of the lithosphere and asthenosphere.
So, what would plate tectonics look like on a waterless Earth? Would it even work? Would there be different rates, or totally different processes taking over, similar to what is seen on adjacent solar system bodies?
Sources: [V.S. Solomatov. *The role of liquid water in maintaining plate tectonics and the regulation of surface temperature*](http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2001AGUFM.U21A..09S)See also: [Plate tectonics and water](httphttps://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/48318/plate-tectonics-and-water)