Questions tagged [mathematics]
The mathematics tag has no usage guidance.
30 questions
1
vote
0
answers
58
views
What is the relationship between earthquake risk, magnitude, and distance from the epicenter?
I need a (rough) functional relationship between these three quantities. My initial hypothesis is that the risk $R$ (intended as the probability of a building damage), scales with the square root of ...
- 111
5
votes
2
answers
146
views
How to produce random numbers from seismic data?
I have read that the University of Chile uses seismic data to produce random numbers. (https://random.uchile.cl/randomness-beacon). Does seismic data real have randomness and if it so, which ...
- 153
2
votes
1
answer
385
views
How or where to find out how many percent of the Earth's surface is above/below a certain altitude?
I wonder whether there's a way of learning how much of the Earth's surface is above or below a certain altitude (land on air only, i.e. excluding seas and oceans and land underwater).
E.g. the lowest/...
- 175
3
votes
0
answers
46
views
Mathematically speaking, why can we use Fourier Transform when studying wind? [closed]
As far as I understand, wind is stochastic on small scale. Then wouldn't that mean, since the function is not Riemann integrable, Fourier Transform cannot be used? What is the reason that climate ...
- 31
1
vote
0
answers
48
views
Describe changes in atmosphere data - mathematical solutions
I interpolated isotopic data (2H or 18O) from 1970 and plotted it on a map. I did the same with data from 2010. The interpolated data are gridded data which have changed over time. Up to now I have ...
- 2,065
1
vote
1
answer
58
views
Can we know if a numerical model will converge or not according to the boundary conditions?
Consider a square 2D domain and a steady-state simulation. According to the geology of the domain, the North, South, West and East limits must be conditions of zero flow (Neumann). The aquifer ...
- 145
2
votes
1
answer
70
views
Recommend books on Lat Long
I am a lyaman of Geography, and working on a project to calcuate
x,y (from a rectangle coordinate system) to Lat,Long
I searched on the net, and fell complete lost in the big world of geometry, ...
- 21
1
vote
0
answers
61
views
What are the boundary conditions for Navier's Equations of motion in seismic?
Navier's equations of motion in seismic have 3 solutions, according to how it is resolved (boundary conditions):
for Vp (compression waves)
for Vs (shear waves)
for Vr (Rayleigh waves)
I know the ...
- 111
2
votes
0
answers
48
views
How to calculate relative humidity with temperature and dew point? [duplicate]
I got this formula for calculating-
100x(EXP.((17.625x32)/(243.04+32)/EXP.((17.625x54)/(243.04+54)))=?
The answer should be 43, but I Keep getting 65. Please, can anyone calculate this correctly?
...
- 21
4
votes
5
answers
213
views
Is There a Correlation Between Earthquake Magnitude and the Deformation Observed in the Rock?
I've been doing a little geology research. One of the topics that I noticed was the existence of "deformations" that appear in the rock layers if an earthquake has occurred. Smaller ...
- 141
4
votes
0
answers
36
views
Dynamic frontogenesis derivation
On page 142 of Lackmann's Midlatitude Synoptic Meteorology, Equation 6.7 gives the derivative of the Boussinesq buoyancy $b = \frac{g \theta'}{\theta_0 (z)}$ (perturbation potential temperature $\...
4
votes
1
answer
139
views
Simple model that exhibits a climate tipping point
I am trying to understand climate tipping points better and I am looking for a place to ask the following question. If Earth Science SE isn't the right place, a recommendation of a better place would ...
4
votes
0
answers
38
views
What is the formula to input date, time and longitude. Where i can get latitude of the civil twilight back?
I am making a watch app, where i need to know where there is currently sun, and where its not.
I need to have some sort of formula/function to insert: date, time and longitude, and get back the ...
- 141
2
votes
0
answers
175
views
How does one compute an ECEF vector? [closed]
I know how to compute an n-vector given the latitude and longitude of a location. I want to compute the ECEF (Earth-centered, Earth-fixed) vector of two positions so that I can subtract those vectors ...
3
votes
2
answers
333
views
How many days has it been since the Cambrian explosion?
I want to know how to calculate the number of days since an event in Earth's past, and am using the Cambrian explosion as an example.
I define a day to be one rotation of Earth with respect to the ...
- 155
6
votes
1
answer
4k
views
How is relative humidity determined from a wet and dry bulb readings?
The question What is the second thermometer in the image from the Esperanza Antarctic temperature record? shows what might be a wet/dry bulb setup.
I've given one to a friend to measure humidity for ...
- 6,904
2
votes
3
answers
10k
views
formula to convert precipitation in mm/h to runoff in m³/s
I have precipitation data in mm/h but to use them for my model I need them in m³/s. Is there a formula to convert them?
- 341
3
votes
1
answer
366
views
What is the lowest latitude for which if the ideal solar energy received each day for a year is graphed, the graph would contain one peak?
I asked a question with the same meaning on Quora, but it seems no one got it, so I'm asking it here with a very different wording. I'm actually not sure if this would belong here or on the Astronomy ...
- 355
1
vote
2
answers
98
views
Is there a general equation to know how big of an area is affected by an earthquake?
If you visit USGS earthquakes listing, you get 3 points of information for each earthquake: Location, depth, magnitude. My question is, is there a way to approximate how big of an area is affected? ...
- 113
4
votes
0
answers
37
views
What is the meaning of nomalized difference Built-up index？
I know how to calculate it by remote sensing image, but why do we define this?
What can we know about a remote sensing scene by this indicator?
What's the connection between normalized difference ...
- 41
4
votes
1
answer
413
views
What types of high-level mathematics are useful in doing climate modelling/meteorology?
I'm aware that PDEs, linear algebra, numerical analysis and such are staples of most applied mathematical endeavors. I want to know if there are other areas of "higher" mathematics that have useful ...
- 41
2
votes
1
answer
64
views
How to determine (lost) surface (km²) of a country when both population and population density have changed? [closed]
I am not sure if the question suits in this stack board, but I give it a try.
Let's assume there is a country with a population of 327 million people and a surface of 9.6 million km², resulting in 34 ...
- 31
3
votes
0
answers
176
views
Optical Thickness of the Atmosphere
Homework question:
Show that the absorption optical thickness of the atmosphere
at pressure $p$ (i.e., between $p$ and the top of the atmosphere) as a function of the mixing ratio
of the ...
- 185
6
votes
0
answers
500
views
regression map vs correlation map
What is the exact difference between regression and correlation maps?
I know that they are often used in climate science but which is the difference in the information they provide? Here an example I ...
- 529
4
votes
3
answers
4k
views
How do I convert kg·kg⁻¹ to ppbV (parts per billion volume)?
I am using the CAMS model output data to figure out the ground level ozone at a particular place. It is given in mass mixing ratio, and I want to convert to parts per billion volume mixing ratio (...
1
vote
1
answer
174
views
how much entropy is there in the shape of a rock?
If I dig up a given rock, make a 3d model of it, and compare that model with those of a large number of other rocks from the same area, what fraction of other rocks would have the same 3d model?
Let'...
4
votes
1
answer
932
views
Applications of differential/integral calculus in crystallography (teaching undergraduates)?
I'm a mathematics professor who is seeking to find interesting, application-driven ways of teaching freshmen college students differential/integral calculus. I am in no way versed in crystallography ...
- 141
0
votes
3
answers
240
views
What makes up a gradient [closed]
My question is a two part question. First I currently know of two different gradients.I think there is more; however, I don't completely understand what makes a gradient. So, here is my questions.
...
- 1
4
votes
1
answer
190
views
Growth of polar vortices vs projective geometry; what does this figure mean?
I was reading the Wikipedia article about a mathematical subject called projective geometry, and I noticed that the second image in the body of the article referred to the "growth of polar vortices". ...
- 6,904
8
votes
1
answer
3k
views
Math needed for Hydrology, specifically surface water hydrology
I wanted to know what math is needed for hydrology, in particular surface water hydrology.
In my research online, of Master's programs (either in Hydrology or Environmental Science with a ...
user7678